Nelva

Reading, knowledge, culture, pastime, books, time, write, benefits, free, imagination, situations, interest, library, orthography, styles, meaning, context, entertainment, useful, effects, improve, magazines, journals, memory, working, acquire, strategies, skills, results, causes, characteristics, newspaper, details, concentration, discipline, focus, hobby, mental, process, world, creativity, inferences, summarizing, comprehension, interactions, reader, motives, goals, background, complex, develop.
 * Brainstorming: **

Thesis statement: Reading increases knowledge, helps to analyze new information, and is a good way to spend time doing useful and beneficial activities.

1. Knowledge a. new words b. orthography
 * Ouline: **

2. Analyze: a. __comprehnsion__ b. capacity

3. Good way to __spemd__ time: a. less information //__Don't make your phrases too brief because it becomes unclear as to the detail you want to mention.__// b. pass time **//__Vague.__//**


 * //__Watch your spelling.__//**


 * Essay: **

“If one cannot enjoy reading a book over and over again, there is no use in reading it at all.”-Oscar Wilde. Reading gives readers many benefits and it evolves  skills and strategies. Thus, effects of reading are useful in many ways for readers. Readers can take advantage of the abilities and strategies and use them in their daily life or in the school. Reading increases knowledge, helps to analyze new information, and is a good way to spend time doing useful and beneficial activities.

One of the main effects of reading is increasing knowledge. According to Jincho, Nakimi, & Mazuka (2008), “When a person’s general world knowledge could be used as a framework when new information is acquired through reading text” (p.13-14). Learning new information might be <span style="color: #0070c0; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">strenuous <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;"> because some words are <span style="color: #0070c0; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">odd, <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">but it helps to make easier the reading process. “People who have read many books perform better in word orthography tasks” (McBride-Chang, Manis, Seidenberg, Custodio, & Doi, 1993, p. 233). When people read, they also can check the correct spelling of the words. If the readers read more, they could know more words and improve their orthography. So, reading increases knowledge but this is not the only advantage of reading.

<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">The second effect of reading is that it helps to analyze new information. “Low capacity readers showed worse comprehension performance after reading sentences than high capacity readers” (MacDonald, Just, & Carpenter, 1992,p. 59). Peckjak, Podlesek, & Pirc (2011) say, “Readers with automated decoding ability read almost two times faster than poor readers without this abilty” (p.54). When readers get a good reading comprehension, they could get a fast speed in reading; <span style="color: #0070c0; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">hence <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">, it is easy to finish and understand the reading matter. Also, when readers have a high capacity in reading, for them is easily to understand all the reading material. So, reading makes better to understand new information.

<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">The third effect of reading is a good way to spend time. When people read quickly they remember less information when they are reading for entertainment purposes (Van den Broek, Lorch, Linderholm, & Gustafson, 2001). But when people is reading for relaxing it is not important to recall all the information. “The reader’s standard of coherence, which varies according to the purpose for reading affects cognitive processing and recall patterns” (Van den Broek, Lorch, Linderholm, & Gustafson, 2001, p. 1083). But reading for entertainment is relaxing because it helps to pass the time. Passing the time so fast is beneficial because it helps to spend the time easily.

<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">Reading offers many advantages or benefits. But the most important are three: knowledge, analyze information, and a good way to pass the time. Reading not only offers these three benefits, but it offers more. Noticing these advantages, people say that reading it is a <span style="color: #0070c0; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">finest <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;"> entertainment. Reading increases knowledge, helps to analyze new information, and is a good way to spend time doing useful and beneficial activities.


 * References **

<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">Jincho, N., Nakimi, H. & Mazuka, R. (2008). Effects of verbal working memory and cumulative linguistic knowledge on reading comprehension. //Japanese Psychological Research, 50//(1), 12-23.

<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">MacDonald, M., Just, M., & Carpenter, P. (1992). Working memory constraints on the processing of syntactic ambiguity. //<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Cognitive Psychology, 24 //(1), 56-98.

<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">McBride-Chang, C., Manis, F., Seidenberg, M., Custodio, R., & Doi, L. (1993). Print exposure as a predictor of word reading and reading comprehension in disabled and nondisabled readers. //Journal of Educational Psychology, 85//(2), 230-238.

<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">Pecjak, S., Polesek, A., & Pirc, T. (2011). Model of reading comprehension for 5th grade students. //Studia Psychologica, 53//(1), 53-67.

<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">Van den Broek, P., Lorch, R., Linderholm, T., & Gustafson, M. (2001). The effects of readers’ goals on inference generation and memory for texts. //<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">Memory & Cognition, 29 //<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">(2), 1081-1087.